Aviation Maintenance Glossary
Key terms used throughout this directory, explained for aircraft owners.
A&P Mechanic
An A&P mechanic holds both an Airframe (A) and Powerplant (P) rating issued by the FAA under 14 CFR Part 65. The Airframe rating covers the aircraft structure, flight controls, landing gear, and systems. The Powerplant rating covers engines, propellers, and related systems. Most working mechanics hold both ratings. An A&P certificate does not expire, but the mechanic must have recent experience or additional training to exercise its privileges.
IA (Inspection Authorization)
An Inspection Authorization (IA) is an additional privilege granted by the FAA to experienced A&P mechanics under 14 CFR 65.91. IA holders can perform and approve annual inspections, progressive inspections, and return-to-service actions after major repairs or alterations. Unlike the A&P certificate, an IA must be renewed annually by demonstrating continued activity and training. If you need an annual inspection, you must use a mechanic with IA or an FAA-certified repair station.
Repair Station
A repair station is an FAA-certified maintenance facility operating under 14 CFR Part 145. Each repair station holds specific ratings (Airframe, Powerplant, Radio, Instrument, Accessory) that define what work it can perform. Repair stations can approve their own work for return to service, including annual inspections if they hold the appropriate rating. They are subject to regular FAA inspections and must maintain detailed records.
Annual Inspection
An annual inspection is required for most certificated aircraft under 14 CFR 91.409. It is a comprehensive review of the aircraft's airworthiness and must be performed by an A&P mechanic with Inspection Authorization (IA) or an appropriately rated repair station. The inspection covers the airframe, engine, propeller, and all installed equipment. An aircraft cannot legally fly after its annual inspection expires.
FAA Mechanic Certificate
The FAA mechanic certificate is issued after passing written, oral, and practical examinations administered under 14 CFR Part 65. Candidates must have at least 18 months of practical experience for a single rating (Airframe or Powerplant) or 30 months for both. The certificate is permanent but the holder must demonstrate recent experience (at least 6 months of work in the preceding 24 months) to exercise its privileges. All mechanics listed on this site hold current FAA certificates verified against the FAA Airmen Certification database.